Cobalamin (Cbl), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and normal prions (PrPCs) are key molecules for myelin maintenance in the central (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). We have previously shown that Cbl deficiency causes an imbalance in some cytokines (e.g. tumour necrosis fa [....] » Read More
Despite the fundamental role of the brainstem in regulating vital functional abilities such as arousal, breathing, autonomic nervous system activity as well as regulating all higher cerebral functions via neurotransmitter projections systems originating in the brainstem, the role [....] » Read More
Stroke is the third commonest cause of death in the West yet by the year 2050 the WHO predicts that 80% of its occurrence will lay between India and China. These two most globally populous nations are home to an aging people with increasing risk factors for all cardiovascular dis [....] » Read More
Analysis of clinical neurological and radiological data (MRI and FDG-PET) of patients with disorders of consciousness after coma (vegetative state, minimal consciousness state), obtained during the course of their treatment, has shown that a more prominent improvement of consciou [....] » Read More
Non-thermal microwave/lower frequency electromagnetic fields (EMFs) act via voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) activation. Calcium channel blockers block EMF effects and several types of additional evidence confirm this mechanism. Low intensity microwave EMFs have been proposed [....] » Read More
Two functionally specialized cortical pathways of visual processing have been hypothesized: a dorsal (occipito-parietal) action-related and a ventral (occipito-temporal) perception-related pathway (Milner and Goodale, 1993, 2008). However, the ventral pathway would also contribut [....] » Read More
Due to increased life expectancy, the prevalence of cognitive decline related to neurodegenerative diseases and to non-neurological conditions is increasing in western countries. Thus, there is an increasing demand, from both social and healthcare systems, for instruments and str [....] » Read More
The aim of our studies was to further investigate to antipsychotic potential of glutamate metabotropic receptor 4 (mGlu4) agonists and positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) as well as to investigate the interactions between mGlu4 receptor stimulators and 5-HT1A serotonin agonists [....] » Read More
Background: Since the publication of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of mental disorders: DSM-5, sensory processing anomalies have for the first time been identified as diagnostic criteria in the international classification and thus been recognized as part of the core symp [....] » Read More
Serotonin neurotransmission has pervasive effects on behavior. While it is not responsible for any single behavior, serotonin helps shift between myriad of different behavioral repertoires and mood is perhaps related to our subjective experience of this shifting. It’s unkno [....] » Read More
Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) is a multifunctional enzyme that plays numerous roles, notably in brain development. CDK5 is activated through its association with the specific activators, p35 and p39. Proteolytic procession of the N-terminal part of its activators has been link [....] » Read More
Orexins (also known as hypocretins) are two excitatory neuropeptides, including orexin-A (OX-A) and orexin B (OXB), produced by a small population of neurons located in the lateral hypothalamus, the dorsomedial hypothalamus, and the perifornical hypothalamus. The orexin neurons h [....] » Read More
Neuronal subtype specific transcription factors (TF) instruct key features of neuronal function and connectivity. Activity-dependent mechanisms also contribute to wiring and circuit assembly, but whether and how they relate to TF-directed neuronal differentiation is poorly invest [....] » Read More
Approximately 1% of the world’s population is affected by schizophrenia (SZ). Among possible factors, an imbalance on epigenetic machinery and inflammatory markers have been recognized in it´s physiopathogenesis and course. The patients with SZ usually adopts a sedent [....] » Read More
Objective: Idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) is a well-known risk factor for Parkinson’s disease, and provides an opportunity to test biomarkers in the prodromal stage. Recently, expression of the Parkinson’s disease related metabolic patter [....] » Read More
Dr. Leah Light, on behalf of the Svetlana Masgutova Educational Institute (SMEI), will discuss primary reflexes, which encompass our innate and subcortical, genetic motor intelligence that ultimately gives rise to more controlled physical activity, emotional and behavioral self-r [....] » Read More
This presentation will cover tried and tested techniques for writing and publishing scientific papers including: The scientists’ toolkit Elements of writing a good paper Tips for overcoming writers’ block Getting published – what editors look for in [....] » Read More
As the 5th leading cause of death and adult disability in the United States (US), stroke care is complex, involving multiple mechanisms and high risk and cost.Even when initial acute events are managed successfully, patient risk remains high from complications and poor risk facto [....] » Read More
I n neonates, excitotoxicity is a major process involved in hypoxic-ischemic brain lesions, and several studies reported neuroprotective effects of NMDA antagonists. However, there is more and more evidence indicating that, in the developing brain, glutamate exerts trophic effect [....] » Read More
Globally, life expectancy from birth increased from 61.7 years in 1980 to 71.8 years in 2015 (GBD, 2015). This means we live longer and we are more susceptible to acute and/or chronic disease. Ischaemic hearth disease and stroke are the leading two cases of premature death and ac [....] » Read More
The theory of ‘Fractality of sensations’ implies that the deficit of nonlinear complexity of the environment naturally leads to abnormal development and aging of the brain (Zueva M.V., 2015). The theory explains the need to restore the complex dynamics of the function [....] » Read More
Stroke is the leading cause of adult neurological disabilities in most countries and typically damages particular regions of a patient’s brain and results in functional impairments. The process underlying the recovery of impaired motor functions after stroke involves brain [....] » Read More
Introduction: The first in Russia computer complex of neuropsychological programs for cognitive rehabilitation was developed at the department of Neurology and medical rehabilitation of Krasnoyarsk State Medical University. It consists of some computer programs modules that are f [....] » Read More
The talk is to update the current state of knowledge in post-TBI pathophysiological mechanisms, mainly including programmed cell death mechanisms; mechanism-based preclinical pharmacological intervention used in animal models; to summarize their effects on cell death, inflammator [....] » Read More
Introduction: Bilingualism is an important issue in neuropsychological assessment worldwide and especially in Russia. Republic of Tyva is federal subject of Russia, where ethnic Tuvans speak both languages Russian and Tuvan. The aim is post stroke cognitive assessment of Tyva res [....] » Read More
Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) can be caused by a blow to the head, or sudden motions of the head, as in semi-contact or full contact sport and can result in death. The pathophysiology of TBI varies considerably depending on the location of the injury, within the brain and its se [....] » Read More
Diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) still remain among the most challenging pathologies known to mankind, having limited therapeutic possibilities and a very pessimistic prognosis. Stem cells technologies has passed a long and exciting way from the discovery, to preclini [....] » Read More
Arachnoiditis-associated pain is notoriously treatment-resistant and may persist for many years. Despite treatment with varying combinations of drugs, patients are often left with a high pain burden. Many analgesics and medications used to treat such pain are contraindicated for [....] » Read More
Each year 15 million people suffer from a stroke and it is the number one cause of disability worldwide and a major drain on health cost. The only available FDA-approved drug therapy for ischemic stroke today is tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), which is used to dissolve the o [....] » Read More
Oxidative stress has a central role in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration. Thus deficient status of antioxidants is associated with cognitive decline and risk of dementia. Here, we show the association between selenium status in two different populations (Australian and Brazil [....] » Read More
Early intervention within 2 weeks of symptom onset has been advocated and become standard of care for most patients with transient ischemic attacks. The optimal timing of carotid endarterectomy after a recent ischemic stroke is a subject of controversy because of a presumed high [....] » Read More
Aging is associated with gradual and variable changes of some cognitive functions in humans and animals but the causes of these changes and their individual variability remain unclear. Similarly, hydration is variable among individuals and the proportion of brain weight relative [....] » Read More
The heterodimeric enzyme a-glucosidase II (GII), an important enzyme in chaperone-assisted folding of nascent glycoproteins in the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) is comprised of a beta subunit (GIIb) and the catalytic alpha subunit (GIIa). The soluble GIIa is retained in the R [....] » Read More
Background: Tau proteins are known to help maintaining the structure of a neuron, including tiny tube-like structures called microtubules, which deliver nutrients throughout cells. However, when hyperphosphorylated, these proteins can become toxic for neurons by forming tangles i [....] » Read More
Introduction: True hyperosmia in a patient with phantosmia has not heretofore been described. Case study: A 19-year-old right –handed female presented with a 4-month history of sudden onset of hallucinated smell and taste after swimming, when water infused her nostrils. [....] » Read More
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of arachidonyl-2’-chloroethylamide (ACEA – a potent and selective cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonist) on the anticonvulsant properties of six selected antiepileptic drugs (i.e., clobazam, lacosamide, levetiracetam, phe [....] » Read More
This presentation details the in vivo characterisation of microamperometric sensors for the real-time monitoring of nitric oxide (NO), oxygen (O2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the brain extracellular fluid of immunocompromised NOD SCID mice. Highly selective and sensitive NO, [....] » Read More
Monitoring of patients with disorders of consciousness after coma with 18F FDG positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) revealed an improvement of consciousness and behavioral signs of awareness, as well as increases of regional metabolic activity after correction of generalize [....] » Read More
Introduction and Objectives: Previously we found that botulinum toxin therapy of generalized spasticity in patients with disorders of consciousness after coma improves the functional state of the brain and consciousness. However, when do these central changes start and how they d [....] » Read More
Fluorine is a strong neurotoxin which can decrease the intelligence quotient and cause problems with learning and concentration. The Extracellular Matrix (ECM) of the central nervous system serves as the environment for neurons and glial cells, and at the same time, it plays the [....] » Read More
Long term exposure to fluorine in pre and neonatal period is dangerous because this element is able to penetrate through the placenta and to cross the blood-brain barrier. Young individuals are less resistant to the toxic influence of fluorine due to the fact that their defensive [....] » Read More
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of dronedarone (a multi-channel blocker inhibiting outward potassium currents, inward rapid sodium current and L-type calcium channels) on the anticonvulsant properties of some selected antiepileptic drugs (i.e., carbamazepine, [....] » Read More
The preclinical diagnosis of hypertensive cerebral vascular dementia (CVD) is important in an aging society. Cerebral white matter lesions (CWMLs) accompanied by hypertension are often visualized by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the early stage, but after the onset of cogni [....] » Read More
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in several neurobiological processes, including the development and progression of diseases. Previously, we identified that one specific miRNA, miR-196a, provides neuroprotective effects on Huntington’s disease (HD), although the deta [....] » Read More
Part 1: Electro-acupincture influence inflammation induced pain memory via cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex. Our precious studies demonstrate that inflammation indused pai memory can be indeed caused by reapeated injections in rats. EA stimulation could i [....] » Read More
Alteration of GABAergique neurotransmission in the central nervous systeme is involved in the generation of neuronal hyperexitability and seizures. GABAergique transmission blocked by GABA antagonists injected i.p. intracerebrally induce seizures. In the present study, we charact [....] » Read More
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of arachidonyl-2’-chloroethylamide (ACEA – a potent and selective cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonist) on the anticonvulsant properties of six selected antiepileptic drugs (i.e., clobazam, lacosamide, levetiracetam, phe [....] » Read More
Emerging evidences have been pointed out that the imbalance on epigenetic machinery exert a pivotal role in the physiopathology of several neurological, neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric conditions. However, this relationship in spinal cord injury (SCI) have been poorly inve [....] » Read More
Introduction: The Patient Registry of Intrathecal Ziconotide Management (PRIZM) evaluates effectiveness and safety of intrathecal (IT) ziconotide. Methods: PRIZM is an open-label, long-term, multicenter (23 sites), observational study of adult patients with severe chronic pain [....] » Read More
Objectives: To present the outcomes of 191 cases treated surgically for intracranial aneurysmal who underwent intraoperative SSEP and MEP monitoring and to analyze the sensitivity, specificity and predictive value of changes in predicting postoperative stroke. for intracranial an [....] » Read More
Bilateral adrenalectomy (ADX) has been shown to damage the hippocampal neurons. However, the effects of shortterm ADX is not studied. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of short-term ADX on the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, response of microglia, astrocytes, ne [....] » Read More
Gestational and lactating period is a time of rapid development for the mammals. The effects of restriction of nutrients in these periods produce alterations in fetal neurogenesis, morphogenesis, synaptogenesis; and during the lactating period interferes migration, synaptogenesis [....] » Read More
Background: Basal Ganglion Neuronal Network (BGNN) dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease (PD)is a complex one to explain Cardinal Signs (CS) satisfactorily. CS of PD are: Tremor, Rigidity, Bradykinesia and Postural Instability (PI). Objective: To propose ad [....] » Read More
Introduction: Presently, there is limited information on stroke care in the very old (80 years and older). Aim: To evaluate vascular risk factors, stroke subtypes and clinical outcomes in very old patients admitted at our hospital with acute stroke. Methods: We included in [....] » Read More
At present, due to introduction of highly informative instrumental methods of assessment of cerebral blood flow state, microcirculation system and brain tissue metabolism diagnosis or vascular diseases of the brain is significantly improved. This brought to reassessment of existe [....] » Read More
The very strong relationship between electrodermal hyporeactivity and suicide and other suicidal behaviors in depressed patients (Edman et al., 1986; Thorell, 1987, 2009; Eriksson et al., 2008; Thorell et al., 2013, 2014; Sarchiapone et al., 2017, 2017 (not published yet); Sarchi [....] » Read More
Between 300 and 500 people die every year in plane crashes worldwide. Despite this seemingly high number, the number of preventable deaths annually as a result of medical errors is far greater. Patients die daily due to human errors committed by doctors, nurses and hospital staff [....] » Read More
Between 300 and 500 people die every year in plane crashes worldwide. Despite this seemingly high number, the number of preventable deaths annually as a result of medical errors is far greater. Patients die daily due to human errors committed by doctors, nurses and hospital staff [....] » Read More
Cognitive impairment and retinal abnormalities have been reported in the X-linked Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The intellectual disabilities are associated with mutations in the shortest dystrophins Dp71 and Dp40. Molecular, cellular, physiological and behavioral alterations are [....] » Read More
To evaluate efficacy of biofeedback training on treatment of bladder and erectile dysfunction in paraplegic patients. Methods: Thirty male paraplegic patients within 6 to 18 months after injury, ages ranged from 20 to 35 years, participated in this study for a treatment period of [....] » Read More
Smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractility is essential for the function of vessels and viscera and relies on the integrity of the actin-myosin apparatus. Two tissue-specific actin isoforms, α2-smooth muscle actin (SMA), encoded by the ACTA2 gene, and α-SMA are predominan [....] » Read More
One of the major challenges in studying brain function and diseaseslies in the difficulty in deliveringmoleculesto the brain due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This project is aimed at developing a novel and effective method to deliver molecules to the brain fo [....] » Read More
Hereditary Cerebral Small Vessel Disease (CSVD) can be divided into three types. autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive and X-linked. While CADASIL is most common in autosomal dominant type, CARASIL is the only one recessive type. CADASIL and CARASIL have a couple of similar cha [....] » Read More
During pregnancy, the activities of Cytochrome (CYP) P450 enzymes are altered. However, minimal information is available to inform dosing guidelines. My team has published data demonstrating that the plasma concentrations of sertraline, fluoxetine, citalopram and escitalopram dec [....] » Read More
The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are important in neuronal development, synaptic plasticity, long-term potentiation, and neuronal cell death. NMDA receptors consisting of NR1 and NR2B subunits are a target of alcohol and are believed to play a role in the development, at [....] » Read More
Rapid development in neonatal and cardiac surgery care in newborns has enabled survival of an increasing number of infants following preterm birth and of infants with congenital heart defects. Unfortunately this is accompanied by a significant prevalence of neurological and cogni [....] » Read More
Neuroinflammation is a major player in the course of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and is characterized by astrocyte and microglial activation, T cell infiltration and the overproduction of proinflammatory factors. Among many components/molecules engaged in the inflammator [....] » Read More
Epilepsy of infancy with migrating focal seizures (EIMFS) is a severe infant-onset epileptic encephalopathy, often caused by mutations in the KCNT1 gene, and standard treatments are ineffective.The cardiac anti-arrhythmic drug quinidine is a partial antagonist of KCNT1, making it [....] » Read More
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common form of inherited intellectual disability. In common with autism, FXS is characterized by hypersensitivity to many types of sensory stimuli, including environmental sounds. Our previous work has shown that mice lacking the gene for FMRP [....] » Read More
Theclinical characteristics of Chinese adults patients presenting with status epilepticus to intensive care units were be discussed. A retrospective review was performed on patients admitting to the intensive care units with status epilepticus ( SE ) over a 11-year period from 20 [....] » Read More
Aging is associated with deterioration in a number of cognitive functions. Many studies have demonstrated the beneficial effect of physical fitness on cognitive function, especially executive function. The graph theoretical approach models the brain as a complex network represent [....] » Read More
High spatial selectivity of multichannel SQUID-magnetometers (MEG) provides opportunity to distinguish contributions of different cortical electric sources into magnetic signals measured around the head. One can extract activity of a single source with specific behavior, when man [....] » Read More
I nternational medical device development and proper design control methods require formative and summative validation studies. In the past, some company usability studies were conducted with employees and submitted for Regulatory clearance for Medical Devices. Recently, FDA has [....] » Read More
Pompe disease is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by a deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme alpha-glucosidase. Late-onset Pompe disease has a complex multisystem phenotype characterized by arange of symptoms which has led to underestimate the disease among adult populatio [....] » Read More
Objectives: Patients with primary restless legs syndrome (pRLS) often have signs or symptoms of autonomic failure, including cardiovascular system. Gastrointestinal, sudomotor, thermoregulation, and bladder abnormalities are often reported in Restless Legs Syndrome but there is l [....] » Read More
The article discusses the hypothesis of possibility of determining the fuzzy linguistic sets of communicative situation based on field of emergence. It is assumed that on the base of a communicative situation there caused a field of emergence, which denotes the boundary of struct [....] » Read More
Autosomal Recessive Spastic Ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS) is a childhood-onset neurological disease, with pyramidal spasticity and cerebellar ataxia. ARSACS results from mutations in the SACS gene that encodes sacsin, a modular protein with conserved domains that indicat [....] » Read More
Objectives: Medication overuse headache (MOH) is a type of chronic headache disorder caused by excessive use of acute medications and a public health problem with a worldwide prevalence of 1–2%. Each medication class has a specific threshold. In this study we wanted to demo [....] » Read More
Title : Pre-coupling of Receptor Oligomers and Signaling Molecules. Challenging Classical Pharmacology
Sergi Ferre, National Institute on Drug Abuse (NID, NIH), United States
It has been the general assumption for several decades that the three elements of the most studied transmembrane cell signaling pathway, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), G proteins and adenylyl cyclase (AC), are freely mobile molecules within the plasma membrane that interact [....] » Read More
Title : Dorsal raphe dual serotonin-only and serotonin-glutamate neurons synapsing on VTA dopamine neurons drive dopamine release and reward
Marisela Morales, National Institute on Drug Abuse (NID, NIH), United States
Ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine neurons are theorized to play distinct roles in positive and negative reinforcement, decision-making, working memory, incentive salience, and aversion. This behavioral heterogeneity is reflected in part in the diverse phenotypic characteristi [....] » Read More
Title : Spring break: A true story of hope and determination
Steven Benvenist, United States Civil Attorney and Partner at Davis, United States
Attorney Steven Benvenisti will share the captivating story of a famous case involving a college student who sustained severe traumatic brain injuries and catastrophic orthopedic injuries, resulting in his family being asked to consent his organ donation. “Spring Break&rdqu [....] » Read More
Title : Calpain-2: A new target for the prevention of neurodegeneration
Michel Baudry, Western University of Health Sciences, United States
Numerous reviews have discussed the role of calpain in neurodegeneration in general, and in stroke and Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). Consequently, numerous studies have attempted to use calpain inhibitors to reduce neurodegeneration in both stroke and TBI. While some studies have [....] » Read More
Title : Mechanisms of cerebral hyperexcitability induction by antiviral acute phase response
Miranda N. Reed, Auburn University, United States
A body of clinical evidence has demonstrated that viral infections in the periphery exacerbate neurodegenerative conditions, e.g., multiple sclerosis, Parkinson disease, Alzheimer Disease (AD), and seizures. For example, peripheral infections increase the propensity and severity [....] » Read More
Title : Discovery of novel inhibitors of P300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF)
Stephen Wren, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
The Alzheimer’s Research UK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute combines the deep disease knowledge and biology expertise of Oxford University with high quality, innovative drug discovery technologies and expertise to identify new ways of treating neurodegeneration. Our capabil [....] » Read More
Title : Multiple Sclerosis, corpus callosum and bedside test
Khin Maung BO, Northern Lincolnshire and Goole NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
Abstract: Demyelination affects highly myelinated structures like Corpus Callosum (CC). CC is unique in function that it connects right and left hemisphere. It synchronises bimanual or bipedal activities. Affecting CC can disturb synchrony between the two hemispheres will affect [....] » Read More
Title : Mutant Profilin1 transgenic mice recapitulate cardinal features of motor neuron disease
Mahmoud Kiaei, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, United States
Mutations in profilin1 (PFN1) have been shown to cause Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) in human patients, however the molecular mechanisms responsible for this effect are unknown. To study profilin1 neurotoxicity and the mechanism of neurodegeneration, transgenic mice overexp [....] » Read More
Title : Upgraded prodromal diagnosis of parkinson’s disease based on a search for biomarkers and a provocation test
Michael Ugrumov, Institute of Developmental Biology RAS, Russian Federation
Motor symptoms first appear in Parkinson’s disease (PD) years after beginning of degradation of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system at loss of threshold amount of dopamine (DA) in the striatum (70%), which explains low efficiency of treatment. Therefore, the development o [....] » Read More
Title : Neuropathology of neuronal intermediate filament inclusion disease (NIFID): Immunophenotypic and topographical analysis of the neuronal inclusions
Kimiko Inoue, Toneyama National Hospital, Japan
Neuronal intermediate filament inclusion disease (NIFID) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder which is a type of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) with various clinical features including frontotemporal dementia and pyramidal and extrapyramidal signs occurring at a young a [....] » Read More
Title : Tamoxifen : Not only a breast cancer drug but also a putative neurodegenerative disorder treatment ?
Caroline Corbel, Institut de Recherche Dupuy de Lôme (IRDL), France
Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) is a multifunctional enzyme that plays numerous roles, notably in brain development. CDK5 is activated through its association with the specific activators, p35 and p39. Proteolytic procession of the N-terminal part of its activators has been link [....] » Read More
Title : The application of human mesenchymal stem cell for alzheimer’s disease
Jong Wook Chang, Samsung Medical Center, Korea, Republic of
Various groups have presented findings that human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have both immunomodulatory and trophic properties. MSCs tend to act indirectly at sites of injury or damage through the secretion of paracrine factors in vitro & in vivo. For example, our studies [....] » Read More
Title : Isometric exercise training for managing vascular risk factors in mild cognitive impairment and alzheimer’s disease
Nicole Hess, University of New England, Australia
Pathological changes to the cerebral microvasculature precede and/or accompany vascular disorders such as hypertension, neurovascular disorders such as AD, and cognitive decline.Individuals with a history of vascular risk factors (VRF’s) and vascular disease are considered [....] » Read More
Title : Perturbed stress granule dynamics in RNA-mediated neurodegenerative diseases
Udai Pandey, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, United States
Amyotrophic lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a debilitating disease involving the progressive loss of motor functions resulting in neuronal death. Recently, several genes have found the mutated in ALS and majority of these ALS-causative gene are involved in regulating RNA metabolism. F [....] » Read More
Title : Telomerase in brain and the beneficial effects of telomerase activators on brain ageing and neurodegeneration
Gabriele Saretzki, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
I will give an overview about the enzyme telomerase and the non-canonical functions of the protein part TERT (Telomerase reverse transcriptase) with an emphasis of its beneficial effect within mitochondria which has been mainly analysed in cultured cell models in vitro. I will th [....] » Read More
Title : SOD1- linked familial ALS with marked intrafamilial phenotypic variation. How do clinical features relate to pathology?
Shinji Ohara, Matsumoto Medical Center, Japan
Objective: Familial ALS with a mutation in the superoxide dismutase (SOD1) gene often shows marked intrafamilial phenotypic variation, although its pathologic background remains to be investigated. Methods: Immunohistochemical studies were performed on postmortem brain and spi [....] » Read More
Title : Parkin and p53 functional interplay in parkinson’s disease and brain tumors physiopathology
Cristine Alves da Costa, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, France
PD is a complex age-associated neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive loss of midbrain dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra. Although, mainly of sporadic origin, the identification and characterization of PDassociated gene products, strongly contributed to [....] » Read More
Title : Ethanol modulates gene expression in the brain by activating the heat shock pathway
Leonardo Pignataro, Columbia University-City University of New York-CSI, United States
Chronic alcohol drinking causes profound physiological adaptations, which lead to physical dependence and tolerance. Some of these adaptations result from a complex chain of events that occur in the brain, long before a state of alcohol dependence is reached. Studies performed in [....] » Read More
Title : Misregulation of an activity-dependent splicing network as a common mechanism underlying autism spectrum disorders
Sabine Cordes, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute/Mt Sinai Hospital, Canada
A key challenge in understanding and ultimately treating autism is to identify common molecular mechanisms underlying this genetically heterogeneous disorder. Transcriptomic profiling of autistic brains has revealed correlated misregulation of the neuronal splicing regulator nSR1 [....] » Read More
Title : Targeting copper for the treatment of neurodegeneration
Jeffrey Liddell, University of Melbourne, Australia
Copper is essential for normal brain function, but must be strictly regulated as either too much or too little copper leads to dysfunction. This is evident in many neurodegenerative diseases, most obviously in Wilson’s disease and Menkes disease driven by copper overload an [....] » Read More
Title : Continuous real-time monitoring of brain extracellular fluid using microamperometric sensors and their application in a humanized mouse model of Parkinson’s disease
Niall Finnerty, Maynooth University, Ireland
In vivo amperometry is an electroanalytical technique whereby a sensitive and selective microelectrochemical sensor is implanted into a particular brain region for continuous real-time recordings of a particular neurochemical. A suitable potential is applied to the sensor surface [....] » Read More
Title : Alzheimer’s disease and diabetes in context: Common surface receptors, adaptors and degenerative signals
Debashis Mukhopadhyay, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, India
Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), two serious health problems with vastly different symptoms, share a complex and linked mechanism. The majority of the data suggests that diabetics, specifically T2D subjects, are at much higher risk of developing AD than n [....] » Read More
Title : The kynurenine pathway in brain cells and its involvement in neuroinflammatory diseases
Gilles Guillemin, Macquarie University, Australia
The kynurenine pathway (KP) of tryptophan metabolism is one of the major regulatory mechanisms of the immune response. Activation of the KP is implicated in the pathogenesis of a wide range of neuro inflammatory diseases. Several pro-inflammatory mediators can activate indoleamin [....] » Read More
Title : Low dose chronic prenatal alcohol exposure abolishes the pro-cognitive effects of angiotensin IV
Abigail Taky, University of Brighton, United Kingdom
Foetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a condition that currently affects approximately 1% of babies born in Europe and North America. It is characterised by memory impairment, developmental delay and distinctive facial features. This research uses a Mouse Prenatal Alcohol Exposure (PA [....] » Read More