Vascular Parkinsonism (VP)

Vascular Parkinsonism (VP) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by the progressive deterioration of movement, similar to Parkinson’s disease. VP is caused by blockage of the basal arteries in the brain and is less common than Parkinson's. VP can be unilateral or bilateral, affect both sides of the brain either equally or differently, and is associated with a range of clinical features. The most common symptoms associated with VP are difficulty walking, freezing of the extremities, reduced balance, limb shaking, rigidity, tremor, and various other movement abnormalities. In addition, mood disturbances and language impairments can be present. VP is most common in adults over the age of 55 and typically progresses slowly, but about 50% of VP cases have an abrupt onset. The exact cause of VP is unknown, however, it appears to be linked to conditions that lead to reduced blood flow to the area of the brain containing the basal ganglia, the structures related to motor control. VP can occur with atherosclerosis, stroke, head trauma, aneurysm, tumor, or vascular malformation. Additionally, some medications have been linked to VP, including certain anticoagulants, antidepressants, and hypertension medications. VP is diagnosed through the patient’s medical history, physical and neurological exams, and imaging studies. Brain imaging with CT or MRI can help identify abnormalities such as strokes or arterial blockages, that can lead to VP. Additionally, neuropsychological testing may be performed to assess any cognitive or other neurological deficits. Treatment of VP varies depending on the underlying cause. Treatment typically focuses on improving blood flow to the affected area of the brain, as well as medications, lifestyle changes, physical therapy, and occupational therapy. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to improve blood flow. VP can be a difficult condition to manage, as the symptoms often worsen over time. However, if diagnosed and treated early, VP can be slowed or even reversed. It is important to seek medical advice from a neurologist if you experience any of the symptoms associated with VP.