Brain tumors and neuro-oncology are integral to addressing the complexities of primary and secondary brain cancers. This specialized field encompasses a range of treatment options, from surgery and radiation therapy to cutting-edge drug therapies and clinical trials exploring new drug combinations. Researchers are focused on overcoming the challenges posed by the blood-brain barrier to deliver effective treatments. With the advent of immunotherapy, CAR-T cell therapies, and personalized genetic profiling, the landscape of neuro-oncology is rapidly changing. The development of non-invasive diagnostic tools and predictive models is also helping clinicians better assess tumor behavior and patient prognosis. This research is instrumental in improving long-term outcomes and offering hope to patients affected by malignant brain tumors.