Neurological Complications Of Other Pediatric Diseases

Neurological complications are often the result of other childhood diseases such as cancer, cystic fibrosis, and sickle cell anemia. These conditions can cause a range of neurological problems ranging from mild disturbances in neurologic functioning to serious and permanent brain and nerve abnormalities. In cancer patients, chemotherapy and radiation treatments can damage not only target cancer cells but also healthy, normal tissue, including neurons. These treatments can cause a range of neurological complications, including peripheral neuropathy (damage to the peripheral nerves that can lead to numbness and tingling), myopathy (muscle weakness), and encephalopathy (brain dysfunction). Even if cancer enters remission, neurological effects can remain. Cystic fibrosis patients often display neurological issues. This is due to a decrease in the amount of certain enzymes throughout the body, including the brain. These enzymes are believed to play a role in the development of neurons, thus insufficient amounts in the brain can result in cognitive deficits, including delayed language, motor, and intellectual development. Sickle cell anemia can lead to neurological complications as a result of insufficient oxygen. The blood cells in people with this disorder are more rigid than normal and get stuck in the small capillaries throughout the body, robbing cells of much-needed oxygen. In particular, the cells in the brain do not receive enough oxygen, leading to seizures and transient ischemic attacks, as well as delayed language and motor development. Neurological complications caused by diseases are incredibly varied. Any pediatric illness has the potential to affect the brain and central nervous system. It is important to monitor signs and symptoms in children with chronic illnesses and to seek medical attention if any neurological issues arise.