Embolic Stroke

An embolic stroke is a type of stroke that occurs when a blood clot or other embolus (foreign body) blocks an artery in the brain, blocking blood flow. This type of stroke is caused by an obstruction (occlusion) of a cerebral artery and typically results in the death of brain tissue. Embolic stroke is a relatively common type of stroke and can be caused by a variety of health conditions, including a heart disorder such as atrial fibrillation, carotid stenosis, or a clotting disorder. It can also be caused by an embolism from the heart, where material that has come loose in the bloodstream from the heart (like a thrombus) travels to the cerebral arteries and blocks them. In an embolic stroke, blood flow to the affected area of the brain is stopped suddenly, leading to ischemia (a lack of oxygen in the local environment). This can cause damage to brain cells due to the deprivation of oxygen, leading to a variety of symptoms like confusion, muscle weakness, coordination problems, visual disturbances, and speech difficulties. The most common treatment for this type of stroke is thrombolytic therapy (clot-dissolving medication). This is usually injected intravenously, but in some cases it may be given through a catheter in the affected area of the brain. Clot-preventing medications may also be prescribed in some cases. Other treatments depend on the underlying cause of the stroke and may include surgery or endovascular therapy (a procedure used to remove an embolus from within the arterial walls). The prognosis for an embolic stroke varies depending on the extent of the damage and the underlying cause. Those who experience mild symptoms, or who receive prompt treatment, have the best chance of making a good recovery. It’s important to seek prompt medical help to reduce the risk of permanent brain damage and disability.