The neurobiology of sleep delves into the intricate mechanisms governing the fundamental biological process of sleep. Sleep regulation involves a complex interplay of neuronal circuits, neurotransmitters, and various brain regions. Key players like the brainstem, hypothalamus, and thalamus orchestrate the initiation and regulation of sleep cycles. The sleep-wake cycle hinges on the interaction between the sleep-promoting system, including the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus (VLPO) in the hypothalamus, and the wake-promoting system, which involves brainstem and hypothalamic histaminergic neurons. Neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, and acetylcholine modulate these systems, influencing sleep stages and transitions. Serotonin and norepinephrine help maintain wakefulness, whereas gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and adenosine promote sleep. Sleep comprises distinct stages characterized by specific brain wave patterns and physiological changes, encompassing non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Understanding the neurobiology of sleep is crucial for unraveling sleep-related disorders and developing targeted interventions to improve sleep quality and overall health. Researchers continue to explore the intricate mechanisms underlying sleep regulation to pave the way for more effective therapeutic strategies.
Title : Managing healthcare transformation towards personalized, preventive, predictive, participative precision medicine ecosystems
Bernd Blobel, University of Regensburg, Germany
Title : Narrative medicine: A communication therapy for the communication disorder of Functional Seizures (FS) [also known as Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures (PNES)]
Robert B Slocum, University of Kentucky HealthCare, United States
Title : Atypical presentation of Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy in a 16-year-old female: A Case Report
George Diaz, Memorial Healthcare Systems, United States
Title : Nanoparticles passing the blood brain barrier to treat cancer, infection, and more
Thomas J Webster, Brown University, United States
Title : Transcranial painless neurorehabilitation scalp acupuncture electrical stimulation for neuroregulation of autism spectrum disorder
Zhenhuan Liu, Guangzhou University Chinese Medicine, China
Title : Effects of prenatal androgen exposure on Purkinje cell morphology in the cerebellum of female rats
Kiran Ghotra, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, United States