Nerve Degeneration

Nerve degeneration involves deterioration of the structure and function of a nerve, or group of nerves. It usually occurs due to physical damage or illness, and can lead to a disruption of communication between the brain and other parts of the body. As nerve degeneration progresses, the motor, sensory, and autonomic functions of the nerves can be compromised, resulting in a range of symptoms that can vary in severity from mild to disabling. Neurodegenerative disorders are a major cause of nerve degeneration. These diseases generally involve the continuous deterioration of nerves over time, with some of the more commonly recognized examples being amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), multiple sclerosis (MS), and Parkinson’s disease. In some cases, the specific cause of the nerve degeneration may not be known, but the end result is a slow decline in nerve function due to the death of nerve cells. Physical trauma can also cause nerve degeneration. This type of nerve damage can occur from a single injury, as in the case of a severe head or spine injury, or it can be the cumulative effect of repeated injuries. Examples include motor vehicle accidents, falls, and repetitive motions that place damaging stress on certain nerves. In addition to physical trauma, nerve degeneration can also occur due to disease, infection, mechanical disturbances (such as pinched nerves), and chemical toxins. Exposure to certain viruses, bacteria, and fungi can cause nerve damage that can lead to nerve degeneration. Toxins from exposure to heavy metals, industrial chemicals, and alcohol can also lead to peripheral neuropathy, a condition characterized by damage to the peripheral nerves. No matter the cause, nerve degeneration can have a profound impact on a person’s life. Symptom severity and duration depend on the underlying cause and extent of nerve damage, but may also include severity skeletal and muscular problems, impaired balance, numbness and tingling, difficulty with coordination, and pain. Fortunately, there are some treatments available for nerve degeneration.