Electrophysiology in Neurology

Electrophysiology stands as a pivotal discipline within neurology, furnishing invaluable insights into the electrical dynamics of the nervous system. This multifaceted field encompasses a spectrum of techniques, including electroencephalography (EEG), electromyography (EMG), nerve conduction studies, and intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring. EEG, a non-invasive method, captures the brain's electrical activity, yielding crucial diagnostic data for conditions like epilepsy, sleep disorders, and cognitive impairments. EMG, conversely, scrutinizes muscle electrical activity, aiding in diagnosing and managing neuromuscular disorders such as myasthenia gravis and ALS. Nerve conduction studies assess peripheral nerve integrity and function, assisting in diagnosing ailments like carpal tunnel syndrome and diabetic neuropathy. Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring assumes a pivotal role during surgeries, safeguarding neurological function by real-time monitoring of neural activity. These electrophysiological techniques synergize to significantly contribute to diagnosing, treating, and managing neurological disorders, thereby enhancing patient outcomes and quality of life.