Paediatric Neurology

Paediatric neurology is a subspecialty of neurology that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the nervous system in young children. Its focus is on optimizing the development of the growing child, rather than relieving individual symptoms. This specialty focuses on diagnosing and treating a broad range of conditions, including genetic neurological diseases, infections, and trauma; inherited and acquired metabolic and degenerative diseases; cerebral ischemia; metabolic diseases that affect the nervous system; or neurodevelopmental disabilities. Paediatric neurologists use both diagnostic and therapeutic techniques to treat conditions. Diagnostic techniques may include magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scans, electroencephalography (EEG), and lumbar puncture. Therapeutic techniques may involve use of medications; physical, occupational, or speech therapy; and alternative treatments such as acupuncture. In severe cases, surgery may be required. The neurologist may suggest lifestyle changes such as dietary modifications, rest, and playing activities to help reduce symptomology. Paediatric neurologists may also recommend nutritional supplements, botanical products, and other natural therapies to help offset the effects of certain conditions. The goal of paediatric neurology is to provide the patient and family with comprehensive care across the age range. Paediatric neurologists understand the normal life expectancy of children and special considerations for the development of their neurological system. Therefore, they take into account diagnosis, treatment, counselling, and support considerations when developing treatment plans. The paediatric neurologist strives to achieve a balance between patient comfort, development, and wellness.