Anti-?2-Glycoprotein I Autoantibody Expression as a Potential Biomarker for Strokes in Patients with Anti-Phospholipid Syndrome

Title : Anti-?2-Glycoprotein I Autoantibody Expression as a Potential Biomarker for Strokes in Patients with Anti-Phospholipid Syndrome

Abstract:

Anti-phospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease. Cerebral ischemia associated with APS occurs at a younger age than typical atherothrombotic cerebrovascular disease, is often recurrent, and is associated with high positive IgG anti-phospholipid (GPL) unit levels. This study sought to determine the frequency rates of anti-cardiolipin (aCL) dependent on the presence of β₂-GPI, anti-β₂-glycoprotein I (aβ₂-GPI), and anti-phosphatidyl serine (aPS) IgG autoantibodies among stroke patients, and thus demonstrate the importance of testing for aβ₂-GPI autoantibodies. For these study, stroke patients and control subjects recruited from Mosul, Erbil, and Dohuk provinces in Northeren Iraq were evaluated. All cases were under 50 years-of-age and had no recognizable risk factors. Using ELISA to evaluate the presence of IgG isotype of aCL, aβ₂-GPI, and aPS autoantibodies in their blood, the results indicated that the frequency of aβ₂-GPI was 14/50 (28%), aCL was 11/50 (22%), and aPS was 9/50 (18%) among stroke patients. In contrast, aCL was detected in 2/30 (6.7%) of control subjects; each of the other anti-phospholipid antibodies (APLA) was never observed. Of all the aβ₂-GPI⁺ cases, the incidence of stroke patients having the combined profile of aβ₂-GPI + aCL was 11/14 (78.6%) and of aβ₂-GPI + aPS was 9/14 (64.3%). Only 2/14 (14.3%) of these aβ₂-GPI⁺ patients also expressed aCL in the absence of aPS. The frequency of patients expressing all three markers was only 9/14 (64.3 %). In none of the APS/stroke patients were aCL or aPS expressed in the absence of the aβ₂-GPI. Conversely, aβ₂-GPI as a sole marker was seen in 3/14 (21.4%) of these patients (i.e., in absence of either other marker). It can be concluded from these studies that the among the three major forms of APLA examined, the presence of aβ₂-GPI IgG autoantibodies appeared to correlate best with stroke in patients who were concurrently suffering APS.

Biography:

Husham Bayazed has completed his PhD at the University of Mosul, College of Medicine. He is now a Consultant at the Scientific Research Center, University of Zakho/Kurdistan Region, Iraq. He is a Specialist and Consultant in Microbiology and Immunology and has published more than 25 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as a Scientific Reviewer for many local and international medical journals. In addition, he has a Fellowship of ISC, Infection, Cancer, Immunology Advisory Board Member (EUROMDnet) Belgium, Membership of World Stroke Organization, Membership of Metabolomics, USA, and Membership of American Association of Science & Technology with more than 20 participations in international scientific meetings all over the world.